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Mysql数据库的几种安装方法(mysql数据库的几种安装方法是什么)

时间:2024-11-11   来源:525游

Mysql是我们常用的一种开源关系性数据库,据说,目前排名第二,仅次于Oracle,有各种版本,比如Windows版的、Linux版的,不过一般还是Linux版用的比较多。

可能平时没人关注它的安装方式,这里,我们就来看看Linux下的Mysql有多少种安装方式。

一、使用YUM命令在线安装

1、下载安装yum仓库

yum -y install https://repo.mysql.com/mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

2、安装

yum -y install mysql-community-server

3、启动

systemctl start mysqld

4、查看状态

systemctl status mysqld

5、查看初始密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

6、登录测试(用初始化密码)

mysql -uroot -p

7、修改root登录密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

flush privileges;

8、允许root远程访问

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

二:通过rpm包离线安装

1、下载安装包

官网

[https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/](https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/community/)

wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

国内镜像站(中国科学技术大学镜像站)

[http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/](http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/)

wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

2、解压

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

3、安装(各个rpm是有依赖的,所以要按顺序安装)

(1)rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

(2)rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果报错:

error: Failed dependencies:

mariadb-libs is obsoleted by mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

执行:yum -y remove mysql-libs再继续安装

(3)rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

(4)rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64.rpm

如果报错:

error: Failed dependencies:

libaio.so.1()(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.1)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

libaio.so.1(LIBAIO_0.4)(64bit) is needed by mysql-community-server-8.0.20-1.el7.x86_64

执行:yum -y install libaio再继续安装

4、启动

systemctl start mysqld

5、查看状态

systemctl status mysqld

6、查看初始密码

grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

7、登录测试(用初始化密码)

mysql -uroot -p

8、修改root登录密码

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

flush privileges;

9、允许root远程访问

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

三:使用源码二进制TAR包安装

1、下载二进制glibc包

官网

[https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/](https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/)(选择对应版本mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz)

wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

国内镜像站(中国科学技术大学镜像站)

wget http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mysql-ftp/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

2、解压

tar -xvf mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

3、将解压目录移动到自定义目录,并改名

mv mysql-8.0.21-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

4、创建用户组和用户

groupadd mysql

useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5、创建配置文件

vim /etc/my.cnf

[mysqld]

basedir=/usr/local/mysql # 基本路径

datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data #数据路径 (先在/usr/local/mysql建data目录)

socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock # socket文件

symbolic-links=0

log-error=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.log #错误日志

pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysqld.pid #pid文件

[mysql]

socket=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.sock

6、配置环境变量

vim /etc/profile

export MYSQL_HOME=/usr/local/mysql

export MYSQL_PATH=$MYSQL_HOME/bin

export PATH=$PATH:$MYSQL_PATH

source /etc/profile

7、初始化

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data

报错:

error while loading shared libraries: libaio.so.1: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

原因:缺少libaio库文件

解决:执行yum install libaio* -y 再重新初始化

8、修改属主属组

chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql

9、配置服务管理

cd /usr/local/mysql/support-files/

mv mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

10、启动,设置密码

因为没有初始密码,用跳过授权表的方式来启动mysql

mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --skip-grant-tables &

免密登录

mysql -uroot -p 不需要输入密码直接回车

flush privileges;

ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '密码';

11、重启验证密码

service mysqld restart

service mysqld status

12、允许root远程访问

mysql -uroot -p

update mysql.user set host = '%' where user ='root';

rpm -qa | grep -i mysql

rpm -e MySQL-client-5.6.38-1.el7.x86_64

whereis mysql

rm -rf /usr/lib/mysql

yum -y install autoconf

rpm -ivh MySQL-server-5.6.27-1.linux_glibc2.5.x86_64.rpm

copy mysql.server启动脚本至/etc/init.d/mysqld

# /etc/init.d/mysql stop

# mysqld_safe --user=mysql --skip-grant-tables --skip-networking &

# mysql -u root mysql

mysql> UPDATE user SET Password=PASSWORD('openstack') where USER='root';

mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

mysql> quit

四、通过docker快速安装

使用以下命令,查询mysql 镜像

docker search mysql

通过以下命令拉取mysql最新镜像

docker pull mysql:latest

通过以下命令查看已下载的镜像

docker images

通过以下命令创建并运行容器

docker run -d

--name mysql

--restart=always

-p 3306:3306

-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=xxxx

mysql:latest

通过以下命令查看正在运行的容器

docker ps

通过以下命令进入容器docker exec -it 68a63f41845e bash

登录mysql命令MySQL:mysql -u root -p

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